CISA Advisory: Hitachi Energy TRO600 | CISA

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 7.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Hitachi Energy
• Equipment: TRO600 Series
• Vulnerabilities: Command Injection, Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer

2. RISK EVALUATION

Command injection vulnerability in the Edge Computing UI for the TRO600 series radios that allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands. If exploited, an attacker with write access to the web UI can execute commands on the device with root privileges, far more extensively than the write privilege intends. Profile files from TRO600 series radios are extracted in plain-text and encrypted file formats. Profile files provide potential attackers valuable configuration information about the Tropos network. Profiles can only be exported by authenticated users with write access.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following products of Hitachi Energy are affected:

• Hitachi Energy TRO600 series firmware versions: 9.0.1.0 – 9.2.0.0 (CVE-2024-41156)
• Hitachi Energy TRO600 series firmware versions: 9.1.0.0 – 9.2.0.0 (CVE-2024-41153)

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND (‘COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-77

Command injection vulnerability in the Edge Computing UI for the TRO600 series radios that allows for the execution of arbitrary system commands. If exploited, an attacker with write access to the web UI can execute commands on the device with root privileges, far more extensive than what the write privilege intends.

CVE-2024-41153 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.2 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

3.2.2 IMPROPER REMOVAL OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION BEFORE STORAGE OR TRANSFER CWE-212

Profile files from TRO600 series radios are extracted in plain-text and encrypted file formats. Profile files provide potential attackers valuable configuration information about the Tropos network. Profiles can only be exported by authenticated users with write access.

CVE-2024-41156 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 2.7 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Switzerland

3.4 RESEARCHER

Riley Barello-Myers, Idaho National Lab – CyTRICS reported these vulnerabilities to Hitachi Energy.

4. MITIGATIONS

Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:

• (CVE-2024-41153) Hitachi Energy TRO600 series firmware versions from 9.1.0.0 to 9.2.0.0 (Edge computing functionality): Update to version 9.2.0.5
• (CVE-2024-41156) Hitachi Energy TRO600 series firmware versions from 9.0.1.0 to 9.2.0.0 (Configuration utility): Update to version 9.2.0.5

Hitachi Energy has provided the additional following security practices and firewall configurations can help protect a process control network from attacks that originate from outside the network:

• Physically protect process control systems from direct access by unauthorized personnel.
• Do not connect directly to the Internet.
• Separate from other networks by means of a firewall system that has a minimal number of ports exposed.
• Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails.
• Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.

For more details, refer to the “Configuration Guide” document for the respective TRO600 series router version.

For more information, see Hitachi Energy’s security advisory 8DBD000147

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• November 12, 2024: Initial Publication