CISA Advisory: Elvaco M-Bus Metering Gateway CMe3100

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v4 9.2
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Elvaco
• Equipment: M-Bus Metering Gateway CMe3100
• Vulnerabilities: Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’), Insufficiently Protected Credentials.

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to perform remote code execution, impersonate and send false information, or bypass authentication.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of Elvaco CMe3100, a metering gateway are affected:

3.2 Vulnerability Overview

3.2.1 INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS (CWE-522)

The affected product is vulnerable due to insufficiently protected credentials, which may allow an attacker to impersonate Elvaco and send false information.

CVE-2024-49396 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-49396. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION(‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) (CWE-79)

The affected product is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting attack which may allow an attacker to bypass authentication and takeover admin accounts.

CVE-2024-49397 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-49397. A base score of 9.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.3 UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE (CWE-434)

The affected product is vulnerable to unrestricted file uploads, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute code.

CVE-2024-49398 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-49398. A base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.2.4 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION (CWE-306)

The affected product is vulnerable to an attacker being able to use commands without providing a password which may allow an attacker to leak information.

CVE-2024-49399 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-49399. A base score of 8.7 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N).

3.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Multiple
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Sweden

3.4 RESEARCHER

Tomer Goldschmidt of Claroty Research – Team82 reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

Elvaco has not responded to requests to work with CISA to mitigate these vulnerabilities. Users of affected versions of M-Bus Metering Gateway CMe3100 are invited to contact Elvaco customer support for additional information.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
• When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

CISA recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:

No known public exploits specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.

5. UPDATE HISTORY

• October 17, 2024: Initial Publication